Introduction

In this disease, the intestines of a person become swollen because it is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this disease ulcer could also developed in intestines. People who have Crohn’s disease often suffer stomach ache, diarrhea, loss of weight and vomiting. If a person has this disease then it may cause swollen eyes, inflammation of joints and rashes on skin.

In the 8th century, it was first described by Giovanni Battista Morgagni (1682 – 1771). Scientists do not know the exact cause of this disease because it attacks the person’s body by itself. In this disease, the healthy parts of the digestive tract are attacked by immune system. As a result, swelling occurs in digestive tracts. Peoples are likely to get this disease if their brother or sister has this disease, meaning that this disease runs in the genes.

This disease can equally affect the men and women. If you want to manage this disease, you should firstly focus on the various kinds of medication and making changes to your lifestyle. This relates to chronic condition which has no cure. Make your bowel to be less inflamed as several parasitic conditions in intestinal worms appear. It is assumed that these worms can change the immune reactions in the intestine where they reside. About 3.2 per 1000 people are affected by this disease in North America Africa and Asia. Since 1970, in the developing world its rate has been increasing. In 2013, around 47,400 deaths occurred due to this inflammatory bowel disease (1). It can occur at any age, though it starts to develop between 10 and 20s in most cases.

Cause of Crohn’s disease:

There is no exact known cause of Crohn’s disease. It is thought that it may be caused through the combination of factors which are related to an environment and genetic tendency. It is considered as the first genetically complex disease, genetic risk factor and the immune system in considerable details is understandable. Here we have discussed some factors that can cause this disease.

  • Genetics: This disease is caused by a variety of genetic elements. Because of this, people who are infected by this disease are 30 times more likely to spread Crohn’s than others. The first transformation was a frame shift in the NOD2 gene, which is found to be connected with Crohn’s disease that is followed by the discovery of point mutation. There are more than 30 genes that are connected to Crohn’s. A biological function is considered as one of them. Studies of Genome wide association shows that this disease is connected to coeliac disease. This disease is connected to the gene LRRK2 that increases its developing rate by 70% with one variant, while other lowdown it by 25%. The charge of this gene is to produce of protein, whose working is to take and eliminate the waste products in cells, and it is also connected with Parkinson’s disease.
  • Immune system: The ATG16L1 gene was incriminated in this disease, which may make autophagy and impede the body’s potential to attack invasive bacteria. In patients, there is a presence of parasites in the body which are evolved, and then the lack occurs because of hygiene standards that disturb or weaken the immune system. There is some test subject that was renewing to harmless parasites, with right response.
  • Environmental Factor: The environmental factors can increase the rate of this disease in the industrialized world. Those who use vegetables proteins have low chance of this disease. Smoking is also the cause of this disease. Sometimes stress and your diet can exacerbate Crohn’s disease. The use of doxycycline can increase the rate of developing inflammatory bowel disease.

Signs and symptoms of Crohn’s (2):

Coming back of the symptoms is called as a flare-up and the duration in between the flare-ups is known as remission. Here we discuss some common symptoms of Crohn’s such as.

  • Pain in stomach and cramps
  • Fatigue
  • Reduction of weight
  • Loose stools

It is not necessary that you may have all the symptoms. People have some other symptoms as well. Some of them are: Pain in joints, high fever, feeling sick or staying sick over a period of time. Pain in the legs, red and swollen skin, ulcers in mouth, a chin, red eyes, blood in feces,

GP: As GP is a doctor that deals the patients which have Crohn’s symptoms with minor illness and refer those having severe illness to hospital.

When to see GP: You must visit the GP, when you or your child has the following symptoms, having loose motions for more than 7 days, cramps and continuous pain in stomach. The growth rate of your child which is not as fast as you expect or without any reason reduction of weight, if Crohn’s disease in your family’s history.

They may also:

  • Examine your belly.
  • Take blood sample.
  • Ask to provide you a stool sample.

Treatment for Crohn’s disease:

Presently there is no exact cure for Crohn’s disease. But the treatments help to controls or reduce the symptoms of Crohn’s disease and stops them from coming back. Treatments become possible through medicines but sometimes surgeries are required to sort out such problems. Here are some points they may require for the treatment of Crohn’s disease, such as:

  • Steroids: Steroids are needed for some people who have Crohn’s disease. Some steroids usually start working after a few days or weeks by reducing the inflammation in your digesting system. Steroids are used in the form of tablets or sometimes it may be used as injections. You should not take steroids without a professional medical advice. Without consulting a doctor, it can cause the side effects such as acidity, weight gain, and higher rate of infection.
  • Liquid diet: Liquid diet is essential for children as well as adults to slow down the cause of its symptoms. These may some drinks that can martinets of you required instead of your usual diet.
  • Biological medicines: Some of the benefits which we get from biological medicines are that they help to stop the symptoms of coming back in the long-term. The herbal medicines might help us when other medicines are not working; they give you relief from the pain and can be given to you by drip into your vein after 2 to 8 weeks.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crohn%27s_disease

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/crohns-disease/symptoms/